31 October 1984. The Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi (aged 66), was assassinated by 2 of her own Sikh guards in the garden of her official residence. The killing was retribution for her decision 4 months earlier to send Indian soldiers into the Sikh Golden Temple. pic.twitter.com/c7iOe40TkH

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

31 October 1993. Hollywood star, River Phoenix (aged 23) collapsed and died, outside the Viper Room, a Los Angeles club owned by Johnny Depp. The cause of death was determined by toxicology tests as “acute multiple drug intoxication”, including high doses of cocaine and morphine. pic.twitter.com/7DB6DjBHGh

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

31 October 1997. Manchester United and England footballer, Marcus Rashford, was born in Manchester. He gained huge praise during the Covid pandemic for his campaign against child hunger, and his passionate advocacy of free school meals during school holidays. pic.twitter.com/w3WeebTXVQ

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

31 October 2011. The global population of humans reached 7 billion. This day is now recognised by the United Nations as the Day of the Seven Billion. pic.twitter.com/SlxNURgqlS

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

31 October 2020. Film legend, Sean Connery, died (aged 90). He’s best known for playing James Bond (007) in 7 films. He won the Academy Award as Best Supporting Actor for The Untouchables. Other films include: Marnie, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, and The Rock. pic.twitter.com/5RhDmb2UZO

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

Halloween evolved from the ancient Celtic festival to ward off ghosts known as Samhain (Summer's End), but was later located on the eve of All Saints Day. pic.twitter.com/QfigWDQhWz

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) October 31, 2022

I decided to dress up for the day that's in it . . . . . . . . . . 

November 1st

1755 Lisbon earthquake kills more than 50,000 in Portugal

1814 Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France, in the Napoleonic Wars

1894 Vaccine for diphtheria announced by Dr Émile Roux of Paris

1916 Paul Miliukov delivers in the Russian State Duma the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris Stürmer government

1952 "Ivy Mike", the first thermonuclear weapon to utilize the H-bomb design of Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam, is detonated in the Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean

2012 Scientists detect evidence of light from the universe's first stars, predicted to have formed 500 million years after the big bang

Did You Know?

First published reference to poker (as Mississippi riverboat game)

Today in History in 1834

Would You Believe?

Montreal Canadiens’ goal tender Jacques Plante becomes first NHL net-minder to wear a fibreglass protective face mask

Today in History in 1959

https://www.onthisday.com/

This day 137 years ago – 1 November 1884 – the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) was founded in Tipperary “for the preservation and cultivation of our national pastimes.”

For more info, pick up a copy of This Day in Irish History, available online and in all good bookshops now. pic.twitter.com/gla1c3u13b

— This Day in Irish History (@ThisDayIrish) November 1, 2021

This day 99 years ago - 1 November 1921 - Frances Kyle and Averil Deverell became the first women barristers in Ireland.

They were called to the Irish Bar at King's Inn, Dublin, more than six months before Ivy Williams became the first woman called to the English Bar in 1922. pic.twitter.com/OBvMupWPbN

— This Day in Irish History (@ThisDayIrish) November 1, 2020

TODAY Irish Judge Síofra O’Leary begins her term as President of the European Court of Human Rights, the first woman elected to the position. In April 2015 she was elected to replace Ann Power as Ireland's judge at the European Court of Human Rights. https://t.co/G6bls9L7GF pic.twitter.com/Zgf8VKeIzk

— On This Day She (@OnThisDayShe) November 1, 2022

On this day in 1879, the Carlisle Indian School opened. This federally funded boarding school was designed to forcefully assimilate Native children. Children were taken from families to attend schools like these and those who resisted had to flee, hide, or face imprisonment.

— Equal Justice Initiative (@eji_org) November 1, 2022

1 November 1512. The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, was exhibited for the first time. It was built between 1473 and 1481. Today, it is the site of the papal conclave. pic.twitter.com/GSTK3raRrb

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) November 1, 2022

1 November 1604. William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Othello, was presented for the 1st time at The Palace of Whitehall, London. The play is renowned for its portrayal of jealousy and race though it was not until 1833 that Othello was first played by a black man on the London stage. pic.twitter.com/DHfVHCRrln

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) November 1, 2022

1 November 1790. Irish philosopher, Edmund Burke, published his biting critique of the French Revolution, Reflections on the Revolution in France. He predicted the French Revolution would end disastrously. pic.twitter.com/UZH46SMPXW

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) November 1, 2022

1 November 1922. The first BBC Radio Licences went on sale at a cost of 10 shillings (50p). By the end of 1923, 200,000 licences had been issued, and by 1928 this figure had risen to 2,500,000. The Post Office retained 12.5% of the fee to cover administration. pic.twitter.com/6MEXleuk16

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) November 1, 2022

1 November 1935. Golf legend, Gary Player, was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. At the age of 29, Player won the 1965 US Open to become the only non-American to win all 4 majors in a career, known as the career Grand Slam. In all, he won 9 major championships. pic.twitter.com/8thGI51hMt

— Prof. Frank McDonough (@FXMC1957) November 1, 2022